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Overview: ReviewofRespiratorySystemandItsFunction *SystemComponentsandImportanceofProperVentilation *OpeningandMaintainingAirwaysofAdults,Children,andInfants *Suctioning *PerformingArtificialVentilations SESSION10 ReviewOfRespiratorySystemandItsFunction ̢SPO110 ThestudentwilldemonstrateairwaymaintenanceandobstructedairwaymaneuversaccordingtoAHAstandards.110 0 Namethemajorstructuresoftherespiratorysystem.120 0 Demonstratethepropertechniquestoopentheairwayofanadult,child,andinfant.130 0 Describethetechniquesofsuctioningtheairway.140 0 Describethestepstoartificiallyventilateapatientwithabagvalvemaskforoneandtworescuers. ` X" X 2XLETheAirwayDrillisdesignedforindividualswhoarecurrentlyfirstrespondersorEMTBs.Thedrillshouldbemostlypracticalwithonlyashortlectureonrespiratorystructure. I.0 MajorStructuresofTheRespiratorySystem(11) 0 A.0 ComponentsoftheSystem0 0 1.0 Noseandmouth0 0 2.0 Pharynx   i.Oropharynx   ii.Nasopharynx0 0 3.0 Epiglottis  4  .0 Trachea(windpipe)  5  .0 Cricoidcartilage  6  .0 Larynx(voicebox)  7  .0 Bronchi      i.bronchioles   ii.alveoli  8  .0 Lungs  9  .0 Diaphragm    B.0 ImportanceofProperVentilation  1  .0 Oxygenexchangethroughalveoli  2  .0 Circulationofoxygentocells0 0 3  .0 Oxygen/carbondioxideexchangethroughcapillaries0 0 4  .0 RespiratoryRates0 0  i  .0 Adult12to20/minute0 0  ii  .0 Child15to30/minute0 0  iii  .0 Infant25to50/mintue II.0 OpeningandMaintainingtheAirway(12) 0 A.0 Adult0 0 1.0 Headtilt,chinlift(nospinalinjury) 0 2.0 Jawthrust(spinalinjurysuspected)  3  .0 Measureandinsertoropharyngealornasopharyngealairway   i  .0 Oropharyngealmeasuredfromcornerofmouthtotipofearlobe   0 (AlternatemeasurefromcenterofmouthtoangleofJaw)   ii  .0 Insertoropharyngealairwaywithtiptowardroofofmouthandrotateafterpastuvula  0 0 0 0 0 iii.0 Nasopharyngealuselargestthatwillfitinnostrilwithoutforceusuallycanjudgebysizeofpatientslittlefinger   iv  .0 Insertnasopharyngealbypushingtipofnoseupward.Placeinrightnostrilwithbeveltowardseptum.0 B.0 Child0 0 1.0 Headtilt,chinliftNEUTRALALIGNMENT0 0 2.0 JawThrust  3  .0 Measureandinsertanoropharyngealairway.     i.Measuresameasforadult.0 0 0 ii.Toinsert,pushdownontongueandpulluponjaw.Insertwithtippointingtowardthetongueandthroat.0 C.0 InfantNEUTRALALIGNMENT0 0 1.0 Headtilt,chinlift(nospinalinjury)0 0 0 0 0 2.0 JawThrust(suspectedspinalinjury)   3  .0 Measureandinsertanoropharyngealairway.     i.Measuresameasforadult.0 0 0 ii.Toinsert,pushdownontongueandpulluponjaw.Insertwithtippointingtowardthetongueandthroat. III.0 Suctioning(13)  A  .0 Purpose   1  .0 Removeblood,liquids,andfoodparticles.  2  .0 Canbeusedtoremoveteethandotherforeignbodies.  3  .0 Whengurglingsoundisheard.   B  .0 TypesofUnits   1  .0 Suctiondevicesaremountedorportableelectricalandhandoperated    2  .0 Usehard/rigidorsoftcatheters.   C  .0 ProperTechnique   1  .0 Hardcathetersshouldonlybeinsertedasfarasyoucanseetosuctionmouthandoropharynx.Userigidcatheterforinfantandchildren.  2  .0 Softcathetersusedforsuctioningwherearigidcathetercannotbeusedmeasuresothatitisonlyinsertedasfarasbaseoftongue.  3  .0 Suctionfornomorethan15secondsatatime.Shortertimeforinfantsandchildrennomorethanafewseconds.  4  .0 Ifthicksecretionscannotbesuctioned,rollpatientandclearoropharynx. IV.0 VentilatingwithBagValveMask(14)  A  .0 OnePersonBagValveMask   1  .0 Usecorrectsizeforpatientshouldbeusedwithsupplementaloxygen.  2  .0 Kneelatpatientshead.  3  .0 Placetopofmaskoverbridgeofpatientsnosethenlowermaskovermouthandupperchin.  4  .0 Useringandlittlefingerstomaintainsealandheadtilt,chinlift.  5  .0 Squeezethebagonceevery5secondsforanadult,onceevery3secondsforachildorinfant.  6  .0 Releasepressureandletpatientexhalepassively.  B  .0 TwoPersonBagValveMask     1  .0 Preferredmethodifhavetworescuers.   2  .0 Firstrescuermaintainssealusingtwohands.   3  .0 Secondrescuersqueezesthebagwithtwohands.   4  .0 AllowsbettermaintenanceofsealandaidsϢventilations.    ` X  Twomajorbranchesoftracheatolungs.Dividesintosmallerpassagesendingatalveoli.Usedwithintercostalmusclesininhalationandexhalation.Bradyp.116Fig.71Bradyp.119Fig.74Bradyp.119Fig.75Bradyp.126Fig.715Bradyp.126Fig.715Note:Itisalsoacceptabletoinsertwithoutrotatingasdoneinchildpatients,toavoidsofttissuedamageNote:Nasalairwaysareusuallylongenoughsomeasuringlengthisnotnecessary,butchecktoseethatitisatleastaslongasthedistancebetweenthetipofthepatientsnoseandearlobe.Childandinfantanatomyconsiderations:allstructuresgenerallysmallerandmoreeasilyobstructed;tonguestakeupmorespace;tracheaissofterandmoreflexible;dependmoreheavilyondiaphragmforbreathing.Supportinfantandsmallchildshoulderswithhandorfoldedtowel. REVIEW:  ReviewofRespiratorySystemandItsFunction0 *SystemComponentsandImportanceofProperVentilation0 *OpeningandMaintainingAirwaysofAdults,Children,andInfants0 *Suctioning *PerformingArtificialVentilations0 REMOTIVATION: ASSIGNMENT: ================================================================= EVALUATION: